J.F. CUTTER (STAR IN SHIELD)

Thought I would try to editorialize about a fifth that is more mainstream, one that most collectors own or have owned. Most long time collectors have had numerous examples of this bottle, and there are many of us that are currently trying to collect groupings or 'runs' of this bottle. The good ol' Star n Shield Cutter. There is that name again, Cutter! Some readers of this blog profess that they might not be interested in Cutters! Stop reading now!! If you are that jaded, my sympathy goes out to you. There are going to be many, many posts about Cutters. More is known about Cutter, Hotaling, Martin, Hardy, Moorman, and all the other names and bottles associated with these names than just about any other aspect of early whiskey collecting. If you read enough about them, hey, maybe you'll develop a fondness for some of them. After all, it was Hotaling that started this party with the first embossed fifth. E. Martin was right behind him with his first fifth the J.F.Cutter(t-46). I am working on a post that lays out the time line of Cutter bottles, for now we will just jump into discussion about the J.F.(t-46).
This embossing pattern was used for a very long time, maybe the longest of any western glob top fifth. First used in 1870, it was still being used into the early to mid 1880's. There are 4 variants now recognized for the J.F.(t-46).

The first variant or the first bottle used is definitely the 'pointed A' example that has the big stove-pipe top and unusually short neck. The top is similar to the first Hotaling bottle (t-49). That's not a coincidence, the colors are the same too. It starts out being a littledifficult for collectors to sort this "variant 1" out, but after you have seen a couple of them and compared them, it is a no brainer. Some of the variant 1's are very whittled and crude. Super nice, with strong, sharp embossing. I used to think that most of them were that way, but I have seen a few duds. The colors that this bottle is found in are dark olive amber, dark choc. amber, and green. Just like the Hotaling(t-49). I would venture a guess that these bottles were blown at the Pacific Glass Works. I think the Hotaling(t-49) almost certainly was blown at Pacific, just because it is in service exactly during the "burn-down period (1868-70)" of S.F. Glass Works. In my simplistic thinking, the glass colors match so closely with this J.F.(t-46var.1) they are being made at the same place.
Digging in Utah has produced some interesting information, or conclusions about dates of distribution of bottles. Digging some of the early mining districts, particularly the famous mines in these districts, has provided clues to the actual dates certain bottles were used. The dates that mines were in operation and that miners occupied boarding houses for these mines is documented quite precisely in the early Utah Mining Gazette and S.L. Tribune. If you know that a certain mine was active for just 6 months in 1870, the bottles you find there can be dated with some precision. Privies and dumps can be used for an unknown amount of time, throw backs make it even more confusing. There have been 40 to 50 examples of glob top J.F.'s found in Utah, only 1 of which was this earliest variant. It was found near Ophir, Utah, in a small district called Lion Hill. The pocket mines of silver chloride at Lion Hill were shallow and worked out quickly in 1870-71.
Most of the 'variant 1' examples have come from the San Francisco bay area. Probably 25-30 known in dark amber shades, I only know of a couple in green. A digger in Austin, Nevada about 15 years ago dug a very nice, and very green example. I tried to get it from him, but no way -no how. Then he shows up at the Downieville Show with it and for whatever reason I hesitated. That one got sold, leaving me standing around like a penny waiting for change, and still looking for a green one.

J.F.Cutter(t-46var.2) examples have been found through out Nevada, California, northern Utah, and probably Oregon. This is the embossing pattern with the "flat-topped" A's, as opposed to the pointed A's. Different mold, but used approx. the same time as the variant 3's (1871-75). Possibly the brand's sales had grown to such a degree that molds were being used at both glass works. The "flat A" bottles are found along side the "pointed A" variant, in fact the variant 3 or "pointed A" bottles seem to have even a longer period of usage (1871-77), so it is not a replacement mold. Colors of this variant-2 seem to tend more to the medium amber, orange amber shades. I have not seen a green example of the variant 2. Not near as much color range as the variant 3 bottles. I would say usually not as much whittle and crudity either. Rated as common, probably 50+ examples known.

J.F.Cutter(t-46var.3) examples have been found in generally the same areas as variant 2 bottles. As mentioned, they actually seem to be in service for a bit longer than the flat "A" variant. This bottle comes in a spectacular range of color. With the exception of aqua, literally every color that you have ever seen an embossed western glob is documented in this bottle. If a collector is so inclined, it wouldn't surprise me to have 10 or more different color hues represented with this variant 3. Some spectacularly whittled examples have been seen, and also many examples are known with a somewhat large tapered top. The bottle has to be considered very common, probably over 150 known examples by my guess. Still, with many collectors striving to put together runs of color and variety, the nicer examples are not that easy to locate. If you are trying to purchase a very green example of this fifth, good luck with that. You are probably going to pay the ordinary J.F Cutter rate (x 10).

I have noticed that certain glob fifths have an abundance of color range, the max. color era seems to be 1872-74, others not as much. Think of bottles that touch into this era; Teakettle(t-167), J.H. Cutter, Circle(t-43), J.F. Cutter(t-46var.3), others. The argument could be made that there were so many examples blown of the these common bottles that I just mentioned, that certainly there will be more colors found. Less common, but equal in colors, Blakes-Pond,Reynolds(t-114), Taylor-Virginia N.(t-151), Gold Dust(t-154), J.Moore(t-90), and of course the big kahuna, Clubhouse(t-119). I have always given special homage to a western glob fifth or flask that is found in what I consider the three base line whiskey colors; dark amber, yellow amber, green amber. Go for that triple on the early fifths and flasks, it really is a great look! If you can nail a trifecta on the (t-119), well, game over--you win! I have digressed .... sorry.

I know there is confusion on the first three J.F. Cutter variants. I am just listing them as they are listed in Thomas' book Whiskey Bottles of the Old West, to avoid possibly even more confusion. The variant 1, "old stove pipe", and variant 3 "pointed A" are the same mold. The variant 2, "flat A" is a completely different mold. Maybe variants 3 & 2 should have been switched in sequence. Maybe the variant 1 is just a J.F. with nice big top, in your thinking. However you want to collect them, I am just trying to help identify them for you.

The J.F.Cutter(t-46var.4) is not confusing. This is the last of the J.F.'s. Probably blown from around 1877 to 1884, give or take a year on each side. We don't find the variant 4's in Utah. The early mining period in Utah was from 1868 to approx. 1875-1876. As popular as J.F. Cutter Extra was in Utah, if the variant 4's were in service prior to 1876 we would be finding them. This bottle is easily identified by the "curved leg R's", the design on the base, and it is a more slender bottle than the other 3 variants. It appears to have a longer neck. I don't know what the standard was in filling these bottles with bourbon, half way up the neck, to the applied top, somewhere in between?. Maybe they actually measured the liquid in ounces (25.6 ounces = 1/5 gallon), I kinda doubt that. I haven't put it to the test, but I believe that the variant-4 J.F.'s probably hold an ounce or two less than the first three variants.
These variant-4's have been found widely distributed through out the west, California, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, Arizona. Probably other states. Just not in Utah. This variant comes in some super colors, for a later 70's -80's bottle. There are a few green amber and greenish amber examples around. I have seen yellow amber examples, dark amber ones, all the colors that the variant 3 is found, except for maybe that light "apple green" color that the v-3 is known in. There are a lot of these variant-4's around, guessing again probably 150+. Generally speaking the variant 4 sells at a price slightly lower than the others, unless we're talking greenish hues. I don't know why this var-4 has a bit of a stigma attached, maybe because collectors and diggers think it is a newer bottle. Not that much newer!!Thomas indicates that the "older bottles do not have the design on the base", ... true enough... and "only the older, crude examples come with the glob top" .... not quite accurate, all four variants are seen with a glob top.... I have not seen a J.F. Cutter(t-46) with a tool or transitional top that I can remember.
So there is the J.F. Cutter fifth info. I will post some more pictures as they come in, also some ads and other information in another post or two. Go out and dig a whittled, green variant-1. I'll give it 5 star write-up!!!


Here is a photo of the "elusive one".
Lou Lambert sent this in, calls it lime green. Nearly transparent, with a slight green tint. I have seen two broken ones this color over the past 30+ years. Blackie Owen dug one in Alta, Utah and had it glued together. I guess you could say it is one click further along on the "green-o-meter" scale than the normal "apple green" or whatever adjective "green" you want to call a green J.F. We need to develop a color coding system for these bottles. This same color is found in large circle Millers. I've never seen a whole one, just a couple of broken examples dug here in Utah. SICK!



SEND ME SOME PICTURES OF YOUR BEST J.F.

GREAT PICTURES SENT TO ME BY LANCE W. , DALE M., GEORGE B., LOU L. AND ANDREW K.

CASSINS DIG

This picture was just emailed to me. It's not a whiskey bottle, but a top shelf western bitters is close enough. What an absolute gorgeous bottle! I believe the bottle has some damage, but the picture is not staged. It was dug within the past month. I always thought it was bad luck to bring a camera along with you on a dig. Of course I am always willing to blame my bad luck on just about anything.

BEAR GRASS KENTUCKY BOURBON cont.

Just an additional comment about Braunschweiger and Bumsted. I found an old folder that I had put away with a Bear Grass label included. Notice that the trade mark is registered in Sept. 1884, which led me to another source that provided additional information. It seems like Herman Braunschweiger registered a group of whiskey trademarks with the State of California in 1884. These include Bear Grass, Golden Rule, Silver Wedding, Extra Pony, and others. They were registered by Braunschweiger & Co. So it seems that Bumsted was no longer associated with Braunschweiger as of Sept. 1884.

Back in 1995, Steve Abbott put together a little booklet of California Whiskey Trademarks 1864-1916. I have found myself using this resource many times over the years.

BUMSTEAD - YOU'RE FIRED!!!

One of the best "named" of the western glob top fifths is the Bear Grass Kentucky Bourbon(t-6). The agents for this famous brand of Kentucky bourbon were Herman Braunschweiger and Edward H. Bumstead of San Francisco. Braunschweiger and Bumstead hooked up sometime in 1882 it appears that they were still advertising the Bear Grass brand together into early 1885. Their business was located at 223 California St. In Thomas' Whiskey Bottles of the Old West it is noted that Bumstead left the partnership with Braunschweiger in the fall of 1884 to go to work for Wolter's Bros. in San Francisco. This may be accurate, the business directory showing the two together in 1885 may have been printed or at least proofed in late 1884.
Regardless, the amber Bear Grass(t-6) bottle could not have been used for very long, they remain quite rare. Probably 12-15 examples known, I would rate them as very rare. Popular with glob top collectors as well as "picture whiskey" collectors, they are a tough bottle to come up with. Five examples came from one hole in Idaho in the early 1990's. Several of these sold through Jeff Wichmann's American Bottle Auctions during the late 1990's. Prices ranged from 3600.00 to 6500.00 on examples that I noted as selling. Hard to put a price on one today, have not seen one sell for a few years. The distribution of the bottle seems to be fairly limited. Northern California has produced a few, Washington and the Idaho dig added the rest.
The bottle is not air vented, but I have not seen an example that is whittled to speak of. The examples that I have seen are somewhat weakly embossed. They come in medium to darker amber shades, I have seen one broken example that was found near Boise, ID that had a strong olive tone to the glass. I have not seen a lighter amber example, someone please send us a picture of a whittled, yellow amber smoker. All amber Bear Grass fifths are found with a four piece mold and have the glob top. The bottle is in the transition period where globs as well as tool tops are seen for the same embossing pattern, such as Phoenix(t-120), Choice Old Cabinet(t-31), Old Castle(t-22), and others. The clear Bear Grass bottles with just Braunschweiger's name come with several different mold variations, but only with a tool top I believe.

So just a couple of years was Bumstead's claim to fame, or was it Bumsted.
His name appears on the Bear Grass fifth and the square Hibernia Bitters bottle. Both bottles have his name spelled Bumsted, even though advertising directories shows it as Bumstead. Maybe that was what caused the split with Herman. On the Hibernia bottle, it looks like they nearly ran out of room for Bumsted's name. So I guess it can be spelled both ways, Bumstead - Bumsted, just drop an "a" what the "hay" or "hey". It must have been pretty tough answering to "hey Bumstead" all day long, especially from a dude named Braunschweiger.
Braunschweiger and Bumsted - it's a western classic!

CALIFORNIA WINE DEPOT

I am still pretty jazzed about the recent appearance of the first intact A.M. Smith - California Wine Depot - Salt Lake City flask. Thought I would give a little background on the fascinating Mr. Smith. Not only did he operate as a wholesale and retail liquor dealer in three different cities, Salt Lake 1872-75; Philadelphia 1875-1886; and finally, and most famously in Minneapolis from 1886-1915, Smith was a numismatic writer and coin collector of high merit. While in Philadelphia, Smith became interested in coins and the minting of coins at the facility in Philadelphia. Smith wrote quite a number of books and pamphlets on coin collecting and his Encyclopedia of Gold and Silver Coins of the World written in 1886 was the standard work on the subject for many years. Check out this web page of a display put together by Mr. Pete Smith, a relative of A.M. Smith. Pete won best of show with his display. www.coinbooks.org/club_nbs_exhibit_amsmith.html

You can see that A.M. Smith wrote two autobiographies, Up and Down in the World or Paddle Your Own Canoe; and The Luck of a Wandering Dane.

These are pretty fascinating to read, to really get a glimpse into the start up of his business in Salt Lake and the move to Philadelphia is very interesting. The only other western liquor dealer that I know of that has as much personal information available is the great A.P. Hotaling.

Here is a photo of Salt Lake in 1874 or so. Check out the box by the side of the road in front of Smith's Wine Depot. Appears to be full of bottles.

Embossed A.M. Smith bottles are known from Philadelphia, an amber strap-side flask that is also extremely rare. His bottles from the Minneapolis address are well known and there are upwards of 25 to 30 different examples of embossed flasks available to collectors.

WILD HORSES SPOTTED IN NEVADA

There are still wild horses to be seen in western Nevada. Despite the best efforts of the B.L.M. to round up the horses and anyone looking for said horses, a true stallion could still make an appearance at any time.

We caught just a glimpse of these two palominos last year, and worked hard to get a rope/hand around the neck of one, but it was not to be.

This particular breed of horse has made it's way from the S.F. Bay area and now populates several areas near Washoe, Storey and Nye Counties in Nevada.

My past experiences in horse watching in the Nevada desert have been unfulfilled at best, and the snapshot that may best describe my temperament and personality after another unsuccessful roundup is--

After reading this post you may also want to put words to the snapshot

"What a horse's ASS".

A FAMOUS HORSE - GOLD DUST

Recently I came across a picture of a grouping of Gold Dust whiskies, in assorted colors, on Jeff Wichmann's American Bottle Auctions web site. In the picture gallery he has this line up of John's and N's that is quite remarkable.
check it out - http://www.americanbottle.com/new_page_4.htm





The early Gold Dust bottles, John van Bergen(t-154) and N. van Bergen(t-155) are two of the most highly sought after western glob fifths. The Gold Dust Kentucky Bourbon was a very popular brand from the moment it was introduced to the Pacific Slope by Barkhouse Bros. through their agent the John van Bergen Co. of San Francisco. The name is a natural for the early California and Nevada trade, it probably was a significant factor in the brand's popularity. The Gold Dust name however, is in reference to the horse depicted in the trade mark, and of course embossed on the bottle.





Gold Dust was the product of a mating of the famous trotting champion Vermont Morgan #69 and the chestnut daughter of the Arabian stallion Zilcaadi, who had been a gift of the Sultan of Morocco to the U. S. Consul - a Mr. Rhind. In 1855, near Louisville, Ky. the foal was born and was remarked to be "pure gold in color". This beautiful stallion grew to stand "16 hands" and weighed 1275 lbs. at maturity. This famous horse of the 1860's was written about extensively - "Gold Dust was a most beautiful horse, and one the very great sires of the country, he is unequaled in achieving his extreme speed". Numerous matched races were held throughout the early 1860's, but Gold Dust's legacy was already sealed when he beat the much heralded and formerly unbeatable Iron Duke in a best 3 of 5 matched race in 1861.

Gold Dust was the first breeding of Morgan and Arabian horses. This breed, known as Morabs, are very popular today for their beauty and athleticism.


So hand it to Barkhouse Bros. of Louisville, if Kentucky is famous for anything it is race horses and bourbon whiskey. Their trademark application of Nov. 25, 1871, indicates that they have been using the proposed design for 4 months past. Trade mark was officially registered on Jan. 9, 1872.